# 减速器

介绍减速器的知识

# 第一章 同轴行星减速器

介绍同轴行星减速器的知识

# 1.1 本章要点

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">本章主要汇总减速器相关的原理和知识要点，主要包括：</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">市面上主要的减速器类型介绍，原理说明</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">减速器速比，行星齿轮减速器配齿的设计</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">齿轮的参数设计，强度和寿命校核（使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext;">kisssoft</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">工具）</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">齿轮的各种加工工艺的基本概念和主要机床设备厂家</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">主流减速器的拆解分析，对标介绍</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">主要的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext;">ISO/GB</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: windowtext;">标准汇总，以及优秀的资料汇总</span>

# 1.2 舍弗勒同轴减速器(NW构型)介绍

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">舍弗勒的同轴减速器是**行星减速器**</span>**<span lang="EN-US">+ </span>**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">**行星差速器**两部分组成。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">舍弗勒早在</span><span lang="EN-US">2019</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年为奥迪</span><span lang="EN-US">e-Tron</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">车型开发和量产了该款同轴减速器，如图所示。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/wSNimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/wSNimage.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/vAkimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/vAkimage.png)

#### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该款同轴减速器的结构原理</span>**

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从电机输入轴动力输入，与减速器太阳轮连接。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">经太阳轮</span> <span lang="EN-US">– </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">双联行星轮</span> <span lang="EN-US">– </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">内齿圈</span><span lang="EN-US"> -</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星架，最后通过行星架输出。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星架又作为输入，将动力输入给内部的直齿行星齿轮差速器，最后经过差速器的左右太阳轮输出给半轴和车轮。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/XAdimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/XAdimage.png)

#### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器的速比计算</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">参考国标</span><span lang="EN-US"> GB/T 33923-2017 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星齿轮传动设计方法中第</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">页的计算公式：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/hAkimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/hAkimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">舍弗勒该款减速器的主要参数</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">数据来自网络</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：</span>

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid align-center" id="bkmrk-%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0-%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%AA%E8%AF%A5%E6%AC%BE%E7%94%B5%E9%A9%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD-%E7%94%B5%E6%9C%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B-%E5%BC%82" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; border-spacing: 0px;"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">参数</span>**

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">奥迪该款电驱系统性能</span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">电机类型</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">异步电机（<span lang="EN-US">ASM</span>）</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">冷却方式</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">水冷</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">电压等级</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">360V</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">峰值扭矩</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">355Nm 10s</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">峰值功率</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">165Kw 10s</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">持续功率</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">95Kw at 7000rpm 30min</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">持续扭矩</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">130Nm</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">（持续功率点）</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;"><td colspan="5" style="width: 414.8pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: white; mso-background-themecolor: background1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="553">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">减速器主要参数</span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: #D5DCE4; mso-background-themecolor: text2; mso-background-themetint: 51; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">参数</span>**

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: #D5DCE4; mso-background-themecolor: text2; mso-background-themetint: 51; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">太阳轮</span>**

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: #D5DCE4; mso-background-themecolor: text2; mso-background-themetint: 51; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">行星轮<span lang="EN-US">1</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: #D5DCE4; mso-background-themecolor: text2; mso-background-themetint: 51; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">行星轮<span lang="EN-US">2</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; background: #D5DCE4; mso-background-themecolor: text2; mso-background-themetint: 51; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">齿圈</span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿轮旋向</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">R</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">L</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">L</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">R</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿数</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">42</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">81</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">27</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">113</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">速比</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">9.07</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 13;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿轮模数</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">1.06</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">1.66</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 14;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">压力角</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">16</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">23</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 15;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">螺旋角</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">28</span>

</td><td colspan="2" style="width: 165.9pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="221"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">15</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 16;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">中心距</span>

</td><td colspan="4" style="width: 331.8pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="442"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">74</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 17;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿宽</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">17</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">14.5</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">23</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">26</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 18; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td style="width: 83.0pt; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿顶圆</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">51.92</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">98.74</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">49.32</span>

</td><td style="width: 82.95pt; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="111"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">131.81</span>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

#### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">主要优点</span>**

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">原理简单，结构比较成熟。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相比平行轴减速器来说，体积小，重量轻。</span><span lang="EN-US">4500Nm</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">级别减速器重量约</span><span lang="EN-US">21kg</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。平行轴大约</span><span lang="EN-US">30kg</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右，减重明显。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所需润滑油量少。结构紧凑，内部体积小，所需润滑油量比平行轴少很多。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">效率会比平行轴略高。主要是油量少，搅油损失低；另外减速器内轴承损失小，主要是球轴承和滚针轴承，且基本没有轴向力。而平行轴差速器是锥轴承，轴向力大，损耗相对高。</span>

#### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">舍弗勒直齿行星差速器原理</span>**

<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">舍弗勒直齿行星差速器的结构图如下所示。在</span><span lang="EN-US">Audi e-tron</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">车型上首次量产应用。相比传统伞齿差速器主要优点：</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">结构紧凑，可传递的扭矩比高</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相比传统铸造伞齿差速器，可减轻部分重量。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相比传统伞齿差速器，左右半轴齿轮没有轴向力，仅传递扭矩。对支撑件的结构强度要求低很多。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/UJ5image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/UJ5image.png)

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">直齿行星减速器的动力传递路径：</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">扭矩从行星架传递进来</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星销</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宽行星轮</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">窄行星轮</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左</span><span lang="EN-US"> / </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">右</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">半轴太阳轮。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/uh3image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/uh3image.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宽行星轮</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">窄行星轮</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左</span><span lang="EN-US"> / </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">右</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">半轴太阳轮的配合关系如下图所示，</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当左右半轴齿轮有转速差时，会宽</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">窄行星轮会相应自转。啮合过程为：大太阳轮</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">宽行星轮</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">窄行星轮</span><span lang="EN-US"> =&gt; </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">小太阳轮。宽</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">窄行星轮</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">类似于伞齿差速器内的行星齿轮一样，用来协调左右半轴齿轮的转速差。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">直齿差速器的配置有两种方案，如下图</span><span lang="EN-US">A </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> B</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所示。</span><span lang="EN-US">B</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">方案的优点是能够让轴向空间更短，更紧凑。</span><span lang="EN-US">B</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">方案据称是舍弗勒公司的专利。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/M83image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/M83image.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/N7Vimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/N7Vimage.png)

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该款直齿差速器的设计要点：</span>**

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1）</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右半轴能够实现转速相等的必要条件是：左右半轴齿轮的齿数相等。舍弗勒这个应用里左右半轴齿轮齿数是</span><span lang="EN-US">30</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2）</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星齿轮和半轴齿轮是互相啮合的，这几组齿轮的模数肯定是一样的。</span>

<span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">使用杠杆原理来分析该减速器的转速相等，扭矩等分原理，差速器示意图和杠杆图如图所示。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/J3Mimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/J3Mimage.png)

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右半轴齿轮转速相等</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当行星架固定时，行星轮系变成定轴传动。那么左车轮到右车轮的传动比为：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Fv5image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Fv5image.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所以左右半轴齿轮的齿数必须相等，才能保证左右半轴转速相等。</span>

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右半轴齿轮扭矩均分</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">同样使用该方式来理解差速器的扭矩等分。分别对</span><span lang="EN-US">S1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span><span lang="EN-US">S2</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">取矩。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/gMvimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/gMvimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US">K=1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，所以最后会得到</span><span lang="EN-US"> T<sub>s1 </sub>= T<sub>s2 </sub>= 1/2 \* T<sub>pc</sub></span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/ZU7image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/ZU7image.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">两半轴转速相等，扭矩等分，满足了该机构可以作为差速器使用的充分条件，而必要条件即为两半轴（太阳轮）同时和行星轮啮合，允许转速不同时其转速差由行星轮自转来补偿。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当然，同轴减速器内并不一定要使用该款直齿行星差速器，匹配传统伞齿方案的差速器一样也是可以的。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">至此，舍弗勒同轴减速器和行星差速器的原理就介绍完了。</span>

# 1.2.1  舍弗勒行星减速器的速比和配齿设计

#### 同轴减速器介绍

新能源汽车电驱动系统减速器目前市面主流的分为平行轴减速器和同轴减速器两种，如图所示。主要根据输入和输入轴是否在同一轴线来区分。

行星齿轮减速器又分为很多种类，例如NW（双联行星轮），NGW等等，具体分类和术语参考国家标准GBT 11366-2025 《行星传动基本术语》。本文介绍对象是NW型，使用双联轮的行星齿轮减速器，在目前车用三合一电驱动中使用较多，结构紧凑，效率较高，是未来三合一电驱动的主流方向。

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/image.png)

#### 本文要点

1. 本文主要介绍同轴减速器的速比设计。行星齿轮减速器和平行轴不太一样，多个行星轮和太阳轮，以及齿圈同时啮合，对于配齿设计有一定要求。设计不当，可能造成无法装配。
2. 介绍配齿设计过程中的主要边界条件，如尺寸包络，太阳轮轴向力，双联行星轮轴向力条件，太阳轮齿顶和齿根圆等限制条件。
3. 基于边界条件，配齿设计的步骤和方法。最终将方法浓缩成代码和软件。

#### 主要设计边界

- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅空间</span></label>
    1. 行星轮的旋转外包络直径 ⇒ 受制于整车的安装空间，越小越好；
    2. 太阳轮的齿顶圆直径 ⇒ 受制于电机轴上支撑轴承的内径，如电机轴是一体齿轴，就必须考虑；
    3. 太阳轮的齿根圆直径 ⇒ 受制于贯穿半轴的直径，和电驱动的输出扭矩关联；
- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅受力</span></label>
    1. 太阳轮的最大轴向力 ⇒ 受电机轴支撑轴承的轴向力承载能力制约，越小越好。
- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅NW型行星减速器约束条件</span></label>
    1. 双联斜齿轮的轴向力能够相等 ⇒ 这样双联轮轴向力互相抵消。
    2. 一级和二级减速器的中心距相等 ⇒ 硬性要求；
    3. 双联行星轮（也称符合行星轮）的配齿要求：⇒ 见GB/T 33923-2017《行星齿轮传动设计方法》

#### 主要输入

- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅空间</span></label>
    1. 行星轮的旋转外包络直径 ⇒ 例如 ∅265mm
    2. 太阳轮的齿顶圆直径 ⇒ 例如电机轴使用6210，那么齿顶圆 ≤ ∅58mm
    3. 太阳轮的齿根圆直径 ⇒ 例如5000Nm的三合一，半轴直径∅36 + 1（间隙）+10（齿轮肉厚）
- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅受力</span></label>
    1. 太阳轮的最大轴向力 ⇒ 例如 ≤ 12000N
- <label class="todo-list__label"><span class="todo-list__label__description">✅其它输入</span></label>
    1. 电机最大输入扭矩 ⇒ 例如 480Nm
    2. 齿轮模数 ⇒ 根据应用工况选择。例如一级m<sub>n </sub>= 1.2 ; 二级m<sub>n </sub>= 1.4.
    3. 初步齿轮齿数：例如 17 ≤ z1 &amp; z3 ≤ 50 ； 50 ≤ z2 ≤ 90 ；90 ≤ z4 ≤ 130

#### 计算方法

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/T2qimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/T2qimage.png)

#### 计算程序（python）

```python
import math
import csv

# 程序说明：
# 用来计算给定包络空间下，目标速比范围内，可行的行星轮齿数配比，并分别计算出
# 轴向力，螺旋角，中心距，外包络直径

# 第一步：定义变量。
# z1,z2,z3,z4 分别定义为太阳轮，行星轮1，行星轮2，内齿圈的齿数。并且设定一个初始范围.(mm)
z1: int = range(17, 50)
z2: int = range(50, 90)
z3: int = range(17, 50)
z4: int = range(90, 130)

# i：定义为目标速比； i_max  i_min 分别为需求的最大和最小速比。
i_max = 11
i_min = 10

# 行星轮外包络最大值：d_max_envenlop. (mm)
d_max_envenlop = 265

# 太阳轮最大输入扭矩：t_max (Nm)
t_max = 465

# 太阳轮最大轴向力：fa_max (N)
fa_max = 12000

# 电机轴支撑轴承内径60 和过轴直径36边界，对于太阳轮齿顶和齿根直径的约束。
# da1_max,df1_min (mm)
da1_max = 58
df1_min = 46

# 二级行星轮的齿根圆直径 受滚针轴承外径约束，以滚针轴承外径28mm为案例。
# 定义二级行星轮齿根圆直径最小值(mm)
df3_min = 40

# 定义一级和二级齿轮的法向模数。m_n_1, m_n_2 (mm)
m_n_1 = 1.23
m_n_2 = 1.745

# 定义行星轮个数。n_planet (个)
n_planet: int = 3

# 设置一个最终输出结果的形式：
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,m_n_1,m_n_2,beta1,beta2,i,fa,d_envenlop,da1,df1,da2,df2,da3,df3,a],[]]
# 我认为把循环和遍历放到外边可能更好一些，函数里边只保留最关键的计算程序。


# 第二步：定义一些函数
def ratio_check(z1, z2, z3, z4):
    """计算速比，并判断是否在目标速比范围内"""
    i = (z4 * z2) / (z1 * z3) + 1
    if i_min <= i <= i_max:
        return True, i
    else:
        return False, i


def tooth_match(z1, z2, z3, z4):
    """检查齿数是否满足啮合条件"""
    fc = math.gcd(z2, z3)  # 求z2和z3的最大公约数
    ps = z2 // fc
    pr = z3 // fc
    if (z4 * ps - z1 * pr) % n_planet == 0:  # 齿数啮合条件
        return True
    else:
        return False


def axial_force(z1, m_n_1, t_max, fa_max):
    """计算太阳轮轴向力，并判断是否在允许范围内，计算出允许的beta1_max (角度)"""
    sin_beta1_max = fa_max * m_n_1 * z1 / 2 / t_max / 1000  # 注意单位的问题
    beta1_max = math.degrees(math.asin(sin_beta1_max))
    return beta1_max


def beta1_calc(da1_max, df1_min, z1, m_n_1, beta1):
    # 判断和挑选出满足太阳轮齿顶da1和齿根df1约束的beta1
    diam = z1 * m_n_1 / math.cos(math.radians(beta1))
    if diam + 2 * m_n_1 <= da1_max and diam - 2.5 * m_n_1 >= df1_min:
        return True
    else:
        return False


def beta2_calc(m_n_1, m_n_2, beta1, z2, z3):
    """根据beta1和m_n_1，m_n_2等参数，根据轴向力抵消原理，计算beta2"""
    sin_beta2 = math.sin(math.radians(beta1)) * m_n_2 * z3 / m_n_1 / z2
    beta2_radian = math.asin(sin_beta2)
    beta2 = math.degrees(beta2_radian)
    return beta2  # beta2，beta1，z2，z3是有对应关系的，要按照组来存储，不能单个存储。


def planetgear_df3_constrain(m_n_2, z3, beta2):
    diam = z3 * m_n_2 / math.cos(math.radians(beta2))
    if (diam - 2.5 * m_n_2) >= df3_min:
        return True
    else:
        return False


def envelop_check(z1, z2, m_n_1, beta1):
    """计算一级齿轮的中心距a，以及一级行星轮的da2，总体计算一下行星轮的外包络（没考虑齿轮变位）"""
    a = m_n_1 * (z1 + z2) / 2 / math.cos(math.radians(beta1))
    da2 = m_n_1 * z2 / math.cos(math.radians(beta1)) + 2 * m_n_1
    d_envenlop = 2 * a + da2
    if d_envenlop <= d_max_envenlop:
        return True, d_envenlop, a
    else:
        return False, d_envenlop, a


def zhengchu_check(z1, z2, z3, z4):
    """对于啮合的两个齿轮能够整除的，也过滤掉"""
    if z2 % z1 == 0 or z3 % z4 == 0:
        return False
    else:
        return True


def zhongxinju_check(z1, z2, z3, z4, m_n_1, m_n_2, beta1, beta2):
    """检查一级和二级齿轮啮合的中心距是否一致，设定筛选出中心距差异<=1mm的齿轮组"""
    a1 = m_n_1 * (z1 + z2) / 2 / math.cos(math.radians(beta1))
    a2 = m_n_2 * (z4 - z3) / 2 / math.cos(math.radians(beta2))
    if abs(a1 - a2) <= 1:
        return True, a1, a2
    else:
        return False, a1, a2


"""开始进入主程序"""

# 设置一个最终输出结果的形式：
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i,m_n_1,m_n_2,beta1,beta2,fa,d_envenlop,da1,df1,da2,df2,da3,df3,a],[]]
# 我认为把循环和遍历放到外边可能更好一些，函数里边只保留最关键的计算程序。

result = []  # 用来存放最终结果

# 第一步：筛选速比满足要求的齿数配比
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i],[]]
for z1_val in z1:
    for z2_val in z2:
        for z3_val in z3:
            for z4_val in z4:
                is_true, i = ratio_check(z1_val, z2_val, z3_val, z4_val)
                if is_true is True:
                    result.append([z1_val, z2_val, z3_val, z4_val, i])
print(f"符合条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第二步：筛选出来满足配齿要求的齿数配比
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i],[]]
new_result = []
for row in result:
    if tooth_match(row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3]):
        new_result.append(row)
print(f"剔除不符合配齿要求的数量：{len(result)-(len(new_result))}")
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 简洁代码
# 过滤 result，只保留 tooth_match 为 True 的行
# result =
# [row for row in result if tooth_match(row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3])]


# 第三步：进一步过滤，对于z2/z1或者 z4/z3是整数的条目，过滤掉。
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i],[]]
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    if zhengchu_check(row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3]):
        new_result.append(row)
print(f"剔除不符合速比整除要求的数量：{len(result)-(len(new_result))}")
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第四步：根据太阳轮最大轴向力范围，计算最大允许beta1, 并且
"""计算太阳轮轴向力，并判断是否在允许范围内，计算出允许的beta1_max (角度)"""
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i,beta1_max,beta1],[]]
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    beta1_max = axial_force(
        row[0], m_n_1, t_max, fa_max
    )  # 考虑到轴向力要求，计算出最大允许的beta1（角度）（浮点)

    beta1_max_int = math.floor(beta1_max)  # 对于beta1，取整数

    beta1_temp = [(beta1_max_int - i) for i in range(7)]  # 角度

    for beta1_temp_value in beta1_temp:

        row_temp = row.copy()

        if beta1_calc(da1_max, df1_min, row[0], m_n_1, beta1_temp_value):

            row_temp.append(beta1_max)  # 把beta1_max加入到result中
            row_temp.append(beta1_temp_value)  # 把beta1_temp_value加入到result中
            new_result.append(row_temp)

result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合太阳轮最大轴向力约束条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第五步：根据beta1计算beta2
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i,beta1_max,beta1,beta2],[]]
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    beta2 = beta2_calc(m_n_1, m_n_2, row[6], row[1], row[2])
    row_temp = row.copy()
    row_temp.append(beta2)
    new_result.append(row_temp)
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合行星轮轴向力抵消条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第六步：根据planetgear_df3_constrain限制条件，进行筛选
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i,beta1_max,beta1,beta2],[]]
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    if planetgear_df3_constrain(m_n_2, row[2], row[7]):
        new_result.append(row)
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合二级行星轮齿根条件的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第七步：根据envelop_check限制条件，进行筛选
# 二维数组：result[[z1,z2,z3,z4,i,beta1_max,beta1,beta2,a,d_envenlop],[]]
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    is_true, d_envenlop, a = envelop_check(row[0], row[1], m_n_1, row[6])
    if is_true:
        row.append(a)
        row.append(d_envenlop)
        new_result.append(row)
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"符合行星轮回转边界的组合数量：{len(result)}")

# 第八步：把对应的fa结果添加进去
for row in result:
    fa_act = 2 * t_max * math.sin(math.radians(row[6])) / m_n_1 / row[0] * 1000
    row.append(fa_act)

# 增加一步：根据zhongxinju_check函数，进行筛选,确保未变位时，一级和二级中心距相近。
new_result.clear()
for row in result:
    is_true, a1, a2 = zhongxinju_check(
        row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3], m_n_1, m_n_2, row[6], row[7]
    )
    if is_true:
        row.append(a2)
        row.append(a1 - a2)
        new_result.append(row)
result = new_result.copy()
print(f"最终符合一级二级中心距相近的组合数量：{len(result)}")


# 在写入 CSV 前插入表头行
header = [
    "z1",
    "z2",
    "z3",
    "z4",
    "i",
    "beta1_max",
    "beta1",
    "beta2",
    "a1",
    "d_envenlop",
    "fa",
    "a2",
    "a1-a2",
]
result.insert(0, header)


# 将最终结果输出到csv文件中
with open("output.csv", "w", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    writer.writerows(result)
print("已保存到 output.csv")
```

附件：行星减速器配齿工具.xlsm

附件：行星减速器配齿工具.exe

# 1.3 采埃孚ZF同轴减速器原理介绍

#### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ZF 同轴减速器进展</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采埃孚</span><span lang="EN-US">ZF </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的同轴减速器不同于舍弗勒的</span><span lang="EN-US">NW</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">方案，而是比较巧妙的差减一体方案，即没有专门的差速器机构，而是融入了行星轮系之中。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">根据新闻，该款</span><span lang="EN-US">ZF</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器已经于</span><span lang="EN-US">2025</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年在国内量产。以下是</span><span lang="EN-US">2025</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">月的新闻。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“全球首台基于行星齿轮技术方案的</span><span lang="EN-US">Indi</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">同轴减速器产品，近日在采埃孚杭州工厂正式下线并实现批量交付。这一创新产品将搭载于中国头部汽车制造商的主流中高端电动车型（实际是搭载吉利极氪汽车），该车型首批车辆即将投放市场。此次批量交付不仅标志着采埃孚在电驱动核心部件领域的重要突破，同时也以</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">德国技术概念</span><span lang="EN-US">+</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中国自主研发</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">的创新模式，为采埃孚深化全球电动化战略、巩固亚太市场领先地位注入核心动能。”</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/9rEimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/9rEimage.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/nxuimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/nxuimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">新闻稿里提到的主要优点</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">空间效率提升：相比传统减速器，体积缩减约</span><span lang="EN-US">50%</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，为电动车底盘布局释放更多设计自由度；</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">重量减轻：重量降低</span><span lang="EN-US">50%</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，助力整车续航能力提升；</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">传动效率优化：通过减少能量损耗，显著提升车辆动力性能与能效表现。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">集成</span><span lang="EN-US">Indi</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器的三合一电驱动系统爆炸图：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/1qdimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/1qdimage.png)

#### **<span lang="EN-US">ZF Indi </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器的原理</span>**

<span lang="EN-US">ZF Indi</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">同轴减速器实际上是两级的</span><span lang="EN-US">NGW</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星排串联而成，一级的齿圈作为二级的太阳轮，固定二级的行星架，分别使用一级的行星架和二级的齿圈输出。这种结构原理看似简单，实际一点也不容易，要对行星轮减速器有深入的理解才能玩的转。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/TQhimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/TQhimage.png)

##### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">速比计算</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星齿轮基本运动关系式</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">对于简单行星齿轮机构（</span><span lang="EN-US">Simple Planetary Gear Train</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">），其基本运动关系为：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/iPGimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/iPGimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">其中：</span>

<span lang="EN-US">n<sub>s</sub> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：太阳轮转速</span>

<span lang="EN-US">n<sub>R</sub> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：内齿圈转速</span>

<span lang="EN-US">n<sub>PC</sub> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：行星架（载体）转速</span>

<span lang="EN-US">α </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：齿数比参数，定义为</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/2xVimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/2xVimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该公式描述了在行星齿轮机构中，太阳轮、内齿圈与行星架三者之间的转速约束关系。</span>

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">公式的物理意义</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">该公式可改写为：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Mlfimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Mlfimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">从中可以看出：</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星架转速是太阳轮转速与齿圈转速的齿数加权平均。</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当</span><span lang="EN-US"> α </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">较大（齿圈齿数远大于太阳轮）时，行星架转速更接近齿圈转速</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">当</span><span lang="EN-US"> α </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">较小时，行星架转速更接近太阳轮转速</span>

##### **<span lang="EN-US">ZF Indi </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">两级减速计算</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采埃孚这款减速器简单来看，是两级</span><span lang="EN-US">NGW</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">简单行星排的串联，因此可以使用两个</span><span lang="EN-US">NGW</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">行星排的速比计算公式联立进行计算。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">第一级：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/97Gimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/97Gimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">第二级：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/INKimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/INKimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">二级太阳轮和一级齿圈共转速：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/VtJimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/VtJimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">二级行星架固定，转速为</span><span lang="EN-US">0</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Ktlimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Ktlimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">另外：</span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span lang="EN-US"> </span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/vTfimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/vTfimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">综合以上条件，可以得到：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Am5image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Am5image.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">物理意义：</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这个式子本质上是一个转速平衡</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">分流关系：输入太阳轮转速</span><span lang="EN-US"> n\_S1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">被分解成两部分：一部分通过一级行星架输出</span><span lang="EN-US">n\_pc1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，另一部分通过二级行星排</span><span lang="EN-US"> → </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">齿圈输出</span><span lang="EN-US">n\_R2</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">如果要作为减速器使用，那么直行情况左右车轮转速必须得相等，即</span><span lang="EN-US">n\_pc1 = n\_S1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。那么齿比关系要满足的必要条件就是：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/DBzimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/DBzimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这个条件非常重要，是设计这款减速器的必须要满足的条件，关系到齿轮齿数的配比。</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">最终减速器的速比：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/63Jimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/63Jimage.png)

##### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">差速原理 - 转速差速</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以下公式本身就说明</span> <span lang="EN-US">PC1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与</span><span lang="EN-US"> R2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">之间存在确定的线性运动学耦合，</span><span lang="EN-US"> n\_PC1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与</span><span lang="EN-US"> n\_R2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">之间互相线性制约，但并没有被唯一确定。这正是差速机构的数学特征：一个输入</span><span lang="EN-US"> → </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">两个输出之间存在一条线性约束</span><span lang="EN-US"> → </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">输出可相对变化。</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/1iVimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/1iVimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">如果固定输入转速</span><span lang="EN-US">n\_S1 = </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">常数，把总方程改写成差速形式</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/t1Eimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/t1Eimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">或写成</span><span lang="EN-US">“</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">相对变化率</span><span lang="EN-US">”</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Anrimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Anrimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">物理意义：</span><span lang="EN-US">R2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">转速增加，</span><span lang="EN-US">PC1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">必然按比例降低，比例由齿数参数决定。由前述分析可知：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/uABimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/uABimage.png)

*<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Cambria Math',serif;">  
</span>*<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">所以，会得到：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Ebgimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Ebgimage.png)

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">那就意味着一边转速的减少，等于另一边转速的增加量，这就实现了差速功能。</span>

##### **<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">差速原理 - 扭矩均分</span>**

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">除了差速，还要能够实现扭矩均分</span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">理想无损条件下的功率守恒</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/Firimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/Firimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">用转速</span><span lang="EN-US"> × </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">扭矩表示：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/BEximage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/BEximage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">代入速度关系可得：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/QEmimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/QEmimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">两个输出扭矩之比为：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/vr9image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/vr9image.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这就是该机构的**固有扭矩分配比。因为 1+ α1 = α1 x α2**</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; position: relative; top: 4.0pt; mso-text-raise: -4.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，所以</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这就说明了扭矩是均分的。</span>

#### **<span lang="EN-US">ZF Indi </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器基本参数</span>**

**<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">下边据说是量产的这款减速器的基本参数：</span>**

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid align-center" id="bkmrk-%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0-%E8%AF%A5%E6%AC%BE%E7%94%B5%E9%A9%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%80%A7%E8%83%BD-%E7%94%B5%E6%9C%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B-%C2%A0-%E5%86%B7" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; width: 66.0714%; border-spacing: 0px;"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">参数</span>**

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-left: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">该款电驱系统性能</span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">电机类型</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">冷却方式</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">电压等级</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">峰值扭矩</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">峰值功率</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">持续功率</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">持续扭矩</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;"><td colspan="7" style="width: 100.241%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: white; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="553">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">减速器主要参数</span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">参数</span>**

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">太阳轮<span lang="EN-US">S1</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">行星轮<span lang="EN-US">P1</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">齿圈<span lang="EN-US">R1</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">太阳轮<span lang="EN-US">S2</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">行星轮<span lang="EN-US">P2</span></span>**

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; background: rgb(213, 220, 228); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79">**<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">齿圈<span lang="EN-US">R2</span></span>**

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿轮旋向</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">36</span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">49</span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">136</span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">151</span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">20</span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">193</span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿数</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">速比</span>

</td><td colspan="6" style="width: 85.9723%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="476"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">1+ 136/36+ 136/36 x 193/151 = <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">9.606</span></span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 13;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿轮模数</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 14;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">压力角</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 15;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">螺旋角</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 16;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">中心距</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 17;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿宽</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 18; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"><td style="width: 14.2685%; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-left: 1pt solid windowtext; border-image: initial; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="78"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;">齿顶圆</span>

</td><td style="width: 12.2818%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 10.4756%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 9.0307%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 7.76641%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 6.68272%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td><td style="width: 39.7351%; border-top: none; border-left: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid windowtext; border-right: 1pt solid windowtext; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;" valign="top" width="79"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">分别计算：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/NiBimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/NiBimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">发现两者并不完全相等，那么左右轮的扭矩之比为：</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/lnlimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/lnlimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">假设输入扭矩</span><span lang="EN-US">T<sub>s1 </sub>=520Nm</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">，那么</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/X0vimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/X0vimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">左右轮的扭矩差值</span>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/DiFimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/DiFimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

<span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这款减速器据说已经量产，反过来说明，实际应用中，可能没办法保证</span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; position: relative; top: 4.0pt; mso-text-raise: -4.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; position: relative; top: 4.0pt; mso-text-raise: -4.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">完全相等，而是确保差值在一定范围内，进而确保左右轮端分配的扭矩和转速差控制在一定范围内。</span>

#### **<span lang="EN-US">ZF Indi </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">减速器实物图片</span>**

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/scaled-1680-/qVvimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-02/qVvimage.png)

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 等线; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span>

# 第二章 齿轮知识

介绍齿轮的设计/材料/精度等内容

# 齿轮基础概念

#### 齿轮实用知识思维导图

<p class="callout info">齿轮章节按照该思维导图组织内容</p>

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/6Q4image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/6Q4image.png)

# 齿轮相关标准汇总

<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-%E9%BD%BF%E8%BD%AE%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84iso%2Fgb%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB-%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB-%E6%A0%87" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 104.881%; border-width: 1px; height: 318px;"><caption>##### **齿轮相关的ISO/GB标准汇总**

</caption><colgroup><col style="width: 9.76947%;"></col><col style="width: 14.7733%;"></col><col style="width: 65.6461%;"></col><col style="width: 9.76947%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">类别</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">标准号</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">标准名称</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">链接</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height: 35.0406px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 35.0406px;">行星齿轮</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 35.0406px;"> GBT 33923</td><td style="height: 35.0406px;">行星齿轮传动设计方法 Design methods for planetary gear drives

</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 35.0406px;">[Doc](https://pub-c05b056f64884db59fe301f134aafca3.r2.dev/GBT%2B33923-2017%20%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E9%BD%BF%E8%BD%AE%E4%BC%A0%E5%8A%A8%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95.pdf "Doc")</td></tr><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">齿轮</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">ISO 21771</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">圆柱渐开线齿轮及齿轮对的概念

Gears - Cylindrical involute gears and gear pairs - concepts and geometry

</td><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">[Doc](https://pub-c05b056f64884db59fe301f134aafca3.r2.dev/ISO%2B21771-_gears_-_cylindrical_involute_gears_and_gear_pairs_-_concepts_and_geometry.pdf "Doc")</td></tr><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td class="align-center" style="height: 29.4411px;">  
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<table border="1" class="align-center" id="bkmrk-%E9%BD%BF%E8%BD%AE%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3-%E5%BA%8F%E5%8F%B7-%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB-%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: dotted; height: 206.088px;"><caption>##### **齿轮相关的实用文档**

</caption><colgroup><col style="width: 6.91094%;"></col><col style="width: 13.7003%;"></col><col style="width: 67.9097%;"></col><col style="width: 11.4374%;"></col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td style="height: 29.4411px;">序号</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">文档类别</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">文档名称</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">链接</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td style="height: 29.4411px;">1</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">齿轮精度</td><td class="align-left" style="height: 29.4411px;">圆柱齿轮、锥齿轮检测方法及应用-中国第一汽车股份</td><td style="height: 29.4411px;">[Doc](https://pub-c05b056f64884db59fe301f134aafca3.r2.dev/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E6%B1%BD-%E5%9C%86%E6%9F%B1%E9%BD%BF%E8%BD%AE%E3%80%81%E9%94%A5%E9%BD%BF%E8%BD%AE%E6%A3%80%E6%B5%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%8A%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8.pdf)</td></tr><tr style="height: 29.4411px;"><td style="height: 29.4411px;">  
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# 第三章 螺栓连接

# 螺栓连接计算案例和kisssoft校核 一

#### 1 计算输入

一液压油缸，油压 P=1.6Mpa，D=160mm，壁厚 S=10 mm 求设计上盖的螺栓连接数量和分布直径，如图所示。

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/iUoimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/iUoimage.png)

#### 2 手工螺栓选型

使用工程力学基本原理计算方法步骤如下：

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">1.</span>计算螺栓工作的载荷 F1，暂取螺栓数量 z=8，则每个螺栓承受的平均轴向工作载荷为

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/T9pimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/T9pimage.png)

2\. 计算螺栓总的拉伸载荷 F，对于压力容器取残余预紧力 F2=1.8\* F1，则

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/hmVimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/hmVimage.png)

3.求螺栓直径。选取螺栓材料性能等级为 4.8 级，取安全系数 n=3，则螺栓的许用应力为

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/hvpimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/hvpimage.png)

按照强度公式计算螺栓的小径

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/8nkimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/8nkimage.png)

查表 M16 螺栓小径 13.835，因此选用螺栓为 M16

4.设计螺栓分布圆直径 D1。以油缸外径，留出 2 倍螺栓六方长度 e 即可。

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/UoKimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/UoKimage.png)

螺栓间距验证，小于 7 倍螺栓直径。

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/elpimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/elpimage.png)

#### 3 Kisssoft 计算校核

#####  3.1 Kisssoft 螺栓连接的计算逻辑

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/0IRimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/0IRimage.png)

#####  3.2 kisssoft 负载选项卡

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/b6oimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/b6oimage.png)

##### 3.3 Kisssoft 螺栓/螺母型号定义

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/FTCimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/FTCimage.png)

##### 3.4 Kisssoft被夹紧零件参数定义

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/X6Cimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/X6Cimage.png)

##### 3.5 Kisssoft 螺栓装配条件定义

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/MSKimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/MSKimage.png)

#### 4 Kisssoft 计算结果和报告

##### 4.1 Kisssoft 计算报告 - 根据最小所需装配预紧力 F<sub>M min</sub>的计算结果：

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/k4Wimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/k4Wimage.png)

##### 4.2 Kisssoft 计算报告 - 根据装配过程中产生的最大预紧力F<sub>M max</sub>的计算结果：

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/diFimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/diFimage.png)

##### 4.3 Kisssoft 计算报告 - 安全系数校核

- 根据装配过程中产生的预紧力F<sub>M max </sub>校核 螺栓的屈服 / 疲劳， 和 被连接表面的接触应力 安全系数
- 根据装配过程中产生的预紧力F<sub>M min </sub>校核 被连接件的滑动安全系数

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/ZUbimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/ZUbimage.png)

##### 4.4 Kisssoft 完整校核报告

[kisssoft螺栓计算案例1.M40](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/2)

[kisssoft螺栓计算案例报告 (一).pdf](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/1)

# 螺栓连接计算案例和kisssoft校核 二

#### （1）案例介绍

应用工况是电动汽车减速器内的差速器。

- 差速器是分体式设计，由壳体和差速器盖子通过6个螺栓连接。
- 差速器内半轴齿轮的最大向外涨力共32250N，平均每个螺栓承载5375N。
- 六个螺栓原始设计是M10 8.8级 40mm长度螺栓，后面考虑降低成本，需评估是否可以采用M8 8.8级 30mm长度螺栓。
- 被连接件材料是 球墨铸铁 QT600-3。被连接件盖板厚度5.5mm，行星架光孔区域长10mm，被连接件区域约7mm。

#### （2）初始M10 8.8螺栓校核

##### 2.1 KISSOFT 参数输入

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/8C1image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/8C1image.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/1S9image.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/1S9image.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/UtPimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/UtPimage.png)

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/8zdimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/8zdimage.png)

##### 2.2 KISSOFT 计算结果和报告

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/yuAimage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/yuAimage.png)

- 这里14709N是软件计算出来的考虑回弹量，夹紧力损失等等因素后，为了满足最后夹紧面达到设定的6450N，在装配时需要提供的最小预紧力。
- 19122N是 14709 \* 1.3 ，1.3是设置的打紧工艺的公差系数。
- 这里 28824N 是软件计算出来的，根据螺栓本身的屈服能力，用到设定的90%，所能提供出来的最大预紧力。此时所需打紧扭矩57Nm。这个57Nm是个upper limit （红线），不能超过。一旦超过，螺栓就存在过打紧，产生塑性的风险。
- 22172 = 28824 / 1.3 得到，也是考虑打紧工艺的公差。

##### 2.3 KISSOFT 计算源文件和报告

[bolt-differential-M10.M40](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/3)

[bolt-differential-M10.pdf](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/4)

#### （3）替换为M8 8.8螺栓校核

[![image.png](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/n5ximage.png)](https://ecar.officesimple.net/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/n5ximage.png)

- 按照1.2倍的安全系数，会发现所需的预紧力，和M8螺栓所能提供的预紧力，基本上刚刚好。也就是说这个M8螺栓用的恰到好处，结论可行。

KISSOFT 计算源文件和报告

- [bolt-differential-M8.M40](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/5)
- [bolt-differential-M8.pdf](https://ecar.officesimple.net/attachments/6)

完毕！